HPV test

An HPV test investigates whether you are infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Unlike many other STIs, an HPV test is not routinely performed after unprotected sex. The test is primarily used to assess whether someone is infected with a high-risk type of HPV that can cause cellular abnormalities in the long term.

In the Netherlands, an HPV test is mainly used within the cervical cancer screening program or when a doctor deems it necessary. Do you have genital warts or other symptoms? A doctor can then assess which test is most suitable.

What is an HPV test?

An HPV test investigates whether DNA from a high-risk type of the human papillomavirus is present.

The test is usually performed on cells from the cervix. This can determine if someone is infected with a type of HPV that carries an increased risk of developing cellular abnormalities.

Who is an HPV test for?

An HPV test is primarily intended for women participating in the cervical cancer screening program or for whom a doctor recommends additional testing.

Currently, there is no standard HPV screening for men without symptoms.

When is an HPV test advisable?

An HPV test can be performed when:

• You are invited for the screening program.
• A smear test shows abnormal cells.
• A doctor recommends additional testing.
• There is an increased risk of persistent HPV infections.

Do you only have genital warts? Then an HPV test is usually not necessary, as the diagnosis can often be made based on a physical examination.

How is an HPV test performed?

For women, cells are taken from the cervix. This usually happens during a smear test.

The collected material is then examined in a laboratory for the presence of high-risk HPV.

How reliable is an HPV test?

A laboratory test is highly reliable for detecting high-risk types of HPV.

The test shows whether the virus is present, but it does not directly indicate whether cellular abnormalities have already developed. Therefore, an HPV test is often combined with examination of the collected cells.

Can you test yourself for HPV?

Within the screening program, it is possible in some situations to use a self-sampling kit. Additionally, commercial self-tests are available.

Not every home test offers the same capabilities as laboratory testing. Always follow the instructions of the provider and consult a doctor if in doubt.

What happens with a positive result?

A positive HPV test does not automatically mean that you have or will get cancer.

In many cases, the body clears the virus naturally. Sometimes, additional tests are needed to assess whether there are cellular abnormalities.

Frequently asked questions about an HPV test

Can everyone get an HPV test?

An HPV test is mainly used within the screening program or when a doctor deems it necessary.

Is a positive HPV test dangerous?

No. A positive result only means that a high-risk type of HPV has been detected. Often the virus disappears on its own.

Can an HPV test detect genital warts?

No. Genital warts are usually diagnosed during a physical examination.

Is there an HPV test for men?

Currently, there is no standard HPV screening for men without symptoms.

How quickly are the results known?

This varies by laboratory, but usually the results are available within a few days to a few weeks.

An HPV test provides clarity

An HPV test helps to detect high-risk types of the human papillomavirus. This allows any cellular abnormalities to be discovered early and, when necessary, treated in time. Do you have questions about an HPV test or are you unsure if testing is necessary? Discuss this with your general practitioner or treating physician.