Trichomoniasis in Women

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. The infection is more common in women than in men and also more frequently causes symptoms. However, some women experience no symptoms at all from an infection.

Because the symptoms resemble those of other vaginal infections or STIs, a laboratory test is necessary to definitively determine if trichomoniasis is the cause. Timely treatment prevents further spread and usually ensures that symptoms disappear quickly.

What is trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis is an infection caused by a parasite. In women, this is usually found in the vagina or urethra.

The infection is primarily transmitted during unprotected vaginal sex. Because not everyone experiences symptoms, the parasite can be unknowingly passed on to a sexual partner.

Symptoms of trichomoniasis in women

When symptoms occur, they can range from mild to pronounced.

Common symptoms include:

• More vaginal discharge than usual.
• Yellow-green or frothy discharge.
• An unpleasant or strong-smelling discharge.
• Itching or irritation of the vagina.
• Redness of the labia.
• Pain or a burning sensation during urination.
• Pain during intercourse.

These symptoms can also be caused by a yeast infection, bacterial vaginosis, or another STI. Therefore, a test is important.

Can you have trichomoniasis without symptoms?

Yes. Not every woman with trichomoniasis develops symptoms.

Even without symptoms, you can transmit the parasite to a sexual partner. Therefore, testing is advisable if you have been at risk.

When should you get tested?

A trichomoniasis test is recommended when:

• You have had unprotected sex.
• A sexual partner has tested positive for trichomoniasis.
• You have symptoms that could indicate an STI.
• You have had multiple sexual partners.
• You want certainty after a possible risk situation.

Even without symptoms, a test can be advisable.

How is trichomoniasis diagnosed?

Depending on the situation, a swab or a sample of vaginal discharge is taken. Sometimes, a urine sample is also examined.

The material is examined in a laboratory for the presence of the parasite.

How is trichomoniasis treated?

Trichomoniasis is usually well treatable with medications that kill the parasite.

It is important to complete the entire course of treatment and also to inform sexual partner(s). This reduces the chance of re-infection.

Can trichomoniasis affect pregnancy?

A trichomoniasis infection during pregnancy requires extra attention. The infection can be associated with an increased risk of complications, such as premature birth or low birth weight.

Are you pregnant and suspect an infection? Then contact a doctor or midwife for appropriate advice and treatment.

Can you get re-infected?

Yes. A previous infection does not provide protection against a new infection.

After successful treatment, you can contract trichomoniasis again if you have sex with someone who is infected.

Frequently asked questions about trichomoniasis in women

What are the first symptoms of trichomoniasis in women?

Common symptoms include altered discharge, itching, an unpleasant odor, and pain during urination or intercourse.

Can you have trichomoniasis without symptoms?

Yes. Some women do not notice the infection.

Does trichomoniasis resemble a yeast infection?

Yes. The symptoms can be very similar. A laboratory test provides clarity.

Is trichomoniasis dangerous during pregnancy?

An infection requires extra attention. Always contact a doctor or midwife if you have symptoms or a positive test.

Can I get re-infected?

Yes. A previous infection does not protect against a new infection.

Get tested if you have symptoms or are in doubt

Trichomoniasis is easily treatable but does not always cause clear symptoms. Do you have symptoms that could indicate an STI, or have you had unprotected sex? Then a laboratory test is the best way to get clarity and, if necessary, start treatment quickly.