Chlamydia in men

Chlamydia is one of the most common STIs in men. Although some men develop clear symptoms, an infection often occurs without symptoms. As a result, the infection can go unnoticed and be unknowingly passed on to sexual partners.

Precisely because symptoms are not always present, it is important to get tested when you have been at risk. Timely diagnosis makes treatment easier and reduces the chance of complications.

What is chlamydia?

Chlamydia is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. This bacterium is usually transmitted during unprotected vaginal, oral, or anal sex.

In men, the infection is often located in the urethra. Additionally, chlamydia can also occur in the throat or anus, depending on the sexual contact that has taken place.

How to recognize chlamydia in men?

The symptoms of chlamydia vary per person. Some men develop symptoms within a few weeks, while others notice nothing at all of the infection.

Common symptoms include:

• Pain or a burning sensation during urination.
• Discharge from the penis.
• Itching or irritation of the urethra.
• Pain or a heavy feeling in the scrotum.
• Swelling of a testicle or epididymis.

These symptoms can also occur with other conditions. A test is therefore necessary to determine if chlamydia is present.

Can you have chlamydia without symptoms?

Yes. Many men with chlamydia experience no symptoms at all.

However, this does not mean that the infection is harmless. Even without symptoms, you can transmit the bacterium to sexual partners, and long-term health problems can arise.

Discharge from the penis due to chlamydia

One of the most well-known symptoms of chlamydia in men is discharge from the penis. This discharge can be clear, white, or watery and is often noticed especially in the morning.

Not every man with chlamydia gets this complaint. The absence of discharge therefore does not rule out an infection.

Pain when urinating

A burning or painful sensation during urination occurs because the infection can cause inflammation of the urethra.

This complaint is regularly reported by men with chlamydia but can also occur with other urinary tract infections.

Testicular pain

In some cases, the infection spreads to the epididymis. This can cause pain, tenderness, or swelling of a testicle.

When such symptoms occur, it is advisable not to delay testing or seeking medical help.

When should you get tested?

A chlamydia test is recommended when:

• You have had unprotected sex.
• A sexual partner has tested positive for chlamydia.
• You have symptoms that may indicate an STI.
• You have had multiple sexual partners.
• You want certainty after risky sexual contact.

Even without symptoms, testing can be advisable.

How is chlamydia tested in men?

In men, a urine sample is often used. Depending on the situation, additional material from the throat or anus can be examined.

The laboratory analyzes the collected material to determine if genetic material from the chlamydia bacterium is present.

What happens after a positive test?

When a test shows that you are infected with chlamydia, the infection can usually be well treated with antibiotics.

It is important to complete the treatment entirely and follow any advice from a doctor or healthcare provider. Additionally, it is wise to inform sexual partners so that they can also get tested.

Complications of untreated chlamydia

Although many men experience no symptoms, an untreated infection can sometimes lead to health problems.

Possible complications include:

• Inflammation of the epididymis.
• Painful swelling of the testicles.
• Long-term urinary tract complaints.
• Possible effects on fertility.

Not every man will experience these, but timely treatment helps reduce these risks.

Can you get reinfected?

Yes. A previous infection does not offer protection against a new infection.

Even after successful treatment, you can contract chlamydia again if you come into contact with the bacterium again.

Frequently asked questions about chlamydia in men

What are the first symptoms of chlamydia in men?

Common symptoms include pain when urinating, penile discharge, and irritation of the urethra.

Can you have chlamydia without symptoms?

Yes. Many men do not notice an infection.

Is penile discharge always chlamydia?

No. Other conditions can also cause discharge. A test is needed to be certain.

Can chlamydia affect fertility?

In some cases, a long-term untreated infection can cause complications that affect fertility.

Can I get reinfected?

Yes. A previous infection does not protect against a new infection.

Timely testing prevents uncertainty

Because chlamydia in men does not always cause symptoms, a test is often the only way to get certainty. Have you been at risk or are you uncertain about a possible infection? Then timely testing can help to quickly detect and treat an infection.