Genital Herpes in Women

Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). In women, the infection can cause symptoms such as painful blisters, sores, and a burning sensation around the vagina or labia. However, many women do not realize they are infected.

After an initial infection, the virus remains in the body for life. This does not mean that you constantly experience symptoms. Many women only have outbreaks occasionally, while others never develop noticeable symptoms.

What is genital herpes?

Genital herpes is usually caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1, the virus that often causes cold sores, can also be transmitted to the genitals during oral sex.

After the initial infection, the virus remains present in a nerve ganglion. This can lead to new symptoms at a later time.

Symptoms of genital herpes in women

When symptoms occur, they often start with an itchy, tingling, or burning sensation.

Common symptoms include:

• Painful blisters on the labia or around the vagina.
• Small sores after the blisters have opened.
• Itching or irritation of the skin.
• Pain during urination.
• Pain during intercourse.
• Swollen lymph nodes in the groin.
• Fever and muscle pain during an initial outbreak.

The first outbreak is often more severe than any subsequent outbreaks.

Can you have genital herpes without symptoms?

Yes. Many women never realize they are infected with the herpes virus.

Even without visible blisters, the virus can sometimes be transmitted to a sexual partner.

When should you get tested?

Testing is advisable when:

• You get blisters or sores for the first time.
• Your partner has genital herpes.
• You have symptoms consistent with herpes.
• You are pregnant and think you might be infected.

A quick diagnosis makes it possible to treat the symptoms faster.

How is genital herpes diagnosed?

If blisters are present, a doctor can take fluid or a swab for laboratory testing.

This can usually determine if the herpes simplex virus is the cause of the symptoms.

How is genital herpes treated?

Genital herpes cannot be cured. However, antiviral medications can shorten the duration of an outbreak and reduce symptoms.

For women who have regular outbreaks, a doctor may recommend long-term treatment to help prevent new outbreaks.

Genital herpes during pregnancy

A herpes infection during pregnancy requires extra attention, especially if the initial infection occurs just before delivery.

Are you pregnant and think you have genital herpes? Always contact your GP, midwife, or gynecologist. They can assess which treatment or additional checks are necessary.

Can you have another outbreak?

Yes. Because the virus remains in the body, new outbreaks can occur at a later time.

Stress, illness, reduced immunity, or hormonal changes can play a role.

Frequently asked questions about genital herpes in women

What are the first symptoms?

An outbreak often begins with itching or a burning sensation, followed by painful blisters.

Can you have herpes without symptoms?

Yes. Many women do not notice an infection.

Is genital herpes dangerous during pregnancy?

An infection during pregnancy requires extra attention. Therefore, always contact a doctor or midwife.

Can genital herpes be cured?

No. The virus remains present for life, but the symptoms are usually well treatable.

Can outbreaks recur?

Yes. The herpes virus can become active again later.

Have symptoms assessed in time

Genital herpes is common and usually treatable. Do you have blisters, sores, or other symptoms that may indicate herpes? Get tested. A quick diagnosis helps to reduce symptoms and decrease the chance of transmission to a partner.